Born in Holden, Massachusetts; attended Amherst College; teacher by training; sailed with wife, Caroline, to Hawai‘i in 1836 as part of eighth company of missionaries sent by ABCFM; labored primarily on Maui at Lahainaluna Seminary and Wailuku Female Seminary; left missionary service in 1850 and moved to Makawao, Maui, where he established Maunaolu Girl’s School and was involved in sugar industry; painted more than one hundred landscapes of Maui; moved to California in 1885, where he died. (See Day, History Makers of Hawaii, 6; Missionary Album, 34–35; Grimshaw, Paths of Duty, 240; GQC journal, Apr. 13, 1851; June 25,1852.)